Czasopismo | OPAKOWANIE | Rocznik 2015 - zeszyt 8

Bioplastics for packaging applications

10.15199/42.2015.10.3

HANNA ŻAKOWSKA

nr katalogowy: 94316
10.15199/42.2015.10.3

1. Introduction The two decades between 1960s and 1980s saw a dynamic growth of classic polymer materials from petrochemicals (In the eighties theywere produced in amounts greater than steel).However, since the mid-nineties, there is a constant growth of new technologies/ biotechnologies of producing the so-called bioplastics [1]. Recent developments of knowledge in the domain of environmental sciences revealed that the environmental impact of different products, including those from plastics, has to be considered from the point of view of full life cycle not just on the stage of waste generation. Due to this, the concept of sustainable development, design, production and usage is currently in high demand. In addition to this, in business and production practices we can nowobserve introduction of higher standards than required by the current law. Many companies, especially international and global conglomerates, use the standardised Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in order to analyse the environmental impacts of their product and hopefully lower it by means of technical and material solutions. In this way a company may declare that it is more concerned about the environment than the competitiveness and the results of assessment form new directions in product design, that include such issues as: use of bioplastics, especially those from renewable resources, limiting carbon footprint values etc.[2]. 2. Bioplastics The term bioplastics was introduced in order to distinguish classic oil-based polymer materials from materials based on new technologies and biotechnologies. It is interpreted differentially by scientists and practitioners. It seems justified for practical reasons to adopt the definition applied by European Bioplastics [3]. Bioplastics are not single kinds of polymers but rather a family of materials that can vary considerably from one another. There are three groups in the bioplastics family, each with its [...]

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