Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2014 - zeszyt 6

Laser alloying of 316L steel with boron

nr katalogowy: 88473

AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel is known for its most effective balance of carbon, chromium, nickel and molybdenum for corrosion resistance. Therefore, this material is often used for high temperature, aggressively corrosive conditions and nuclear reactor applications. However, the poor wear resistance, as an important disadvantage, causes the limited using of this steel. Under conditions of appreciable mechanical wear (adhesive or abrasive), the materials have to characterize by suitable wear protection. With a low hardness (200 HV) and an austenitic microstructure which cannot be hardened by heat treatment, there is no easy way to improve its wear resistance [1]. Processes used for protecting the constructional or tool steels, such as nitriding, carburizing or boriding, were developed in order to produce the surface layers which could improve the wear behaviour of austenitic steel [2÷11]. Glow discharge assisted lowtemperature nitriding was studied by the papers [2, 3]. The process, carried out at 440°C for 6 h, resulted in formation of a thin layer (4 m) consisting of chromium nitrides (CrN) as well as austenite supersaturated with nitrogen [2]. The layer produced at 550°C (823 K) for 6 h was characterized by the thickness about 20 m [3], and iron nitrides (Fe4N) were additionally observed in microstructure with using the higher process temperature [3, 4]. The chromium nitrides Cr2N also were identified in the nitrided layer [5]. Low temperature plasma carburizing was a thermochemical treatment designed so as to achieve a good combination of wear and corrosion resistance in stainless steels [6÷9]. The process at the temperature below 520°C (793 K) produced the layer consisting only of the austenite supersaturated with carbon, and characterized by an expanded lattice [6÷9], while the chromium carbides, expanded austenite and martensite occurred after carburizing at higher temperature [6]. The layers obta[...]

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