Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2014 - zeszyt 2

Chemical modification of nanocrystalline titanium surface for biological applications

nr katalogowy: 84312

Titanium and its alloys are the most attractive metallic materials for biomedical applications due to their unique properties, including low density, high corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. However, for permanent implant applications, those materials may have harmful side effects resulting from alloying components released to the surrounding physiological environment [1]. This is especially dangerous in case of titanium alloys, such as Ti6Al4V, which is commonly used for heavy load implants. these alloys may have possible toxic effect resulting from vanadium and aluminium released to the body fluids. Nanocrystalline titanium due to its high mechanical properties is likely to replace the widely used titanium alloys [2]. Nanocrystalline or ultrafine grained (UFG) titanium can be obtained by several different processes, including: Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) [3], High Pressure Torsion (HPT) [4] and Hydrostatic Extrusion (HE) [5]. It has been revealed that the nanoscale grain refinement of titanium results in increase of hardness, elastic limit and tensile strength [5÷7] as well as fatigue strength [8]. Moreover, nanostructuring of titanium by SPD processing leads to increase in kinetics of chemical reactions. For example, the passive layer formed spontaneously on n-Ti has better protective properties since it is rebuilt in a shorter time [7]. Nanocrystalline and UFG titanium have been also recognized as promising biomaterials due to their ability to enhance the osseointegration process. It has been shown that cell attachment and proliferation as well as new bone formation were significantly increased on SPD processed titanium than on coarse-grained substrates [9÷11]. There are many various methods that can be used in the functionalization or activation of a metallic implant surface [12]. Among these methods, chemical modifications seem to be relatively simple and inexpensive [7]. In addition, they allow to[...]

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