Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2013 - zeszyt 6

Wear resistance improvement of pure titanium by laser boriding

nr katalogowy: 81475

Titanium and its alloys are known for their excellent mechanical and chemical properties. Some exceptional properties are characteristic of titanium alloys: very high strength-to-weight ratio (even at high temperature), high stiffness, toughness, low elastic modulus and, finally, excellent biocompatibility. They possess also excellent corrosion resistance because of the formation of a continuous and stable oxide film on their surface. However, the poor wear resistance, as an important disadvantage limits the potential use of these alloys [1÷3]. Therefore, these materials have to be protected against friction and wear. Among its numerous applications, titanium is widely applied for biomedical implants: bone screws, hip and knee joints, heart pumps or dental posts. However, its poor tribological properties in comparison with other biomedical materials such as Co-Cr alloys [4] and Al2O3 ceramics are a limiting factor when employed as a bearing material in articulating joint implants [5]. The diffusion boronizing could be the thermochemical treatment, which improves tribological properties of titanium and its alloys. It was shown in literature data [2, 3, 6÷10] that titanium and its alloys can be borided efficiently, but the use of conventional methods is limited owing to relatively long processing time, and only a thin layer is produced. Titanium can be boronized without sacrificing corrosion resistance. The boriding process results in formation of two types titanium borides (TiB and TiB2) at the surface. TiB2 borides grow as solid monolithic layer at the surface while the TiB borides occur below and predominantly grow as pristine whiskers, generally perpendicular to the surface [2, 3, 6÷10]. In work [2] a 10 μm thick continuous boride layer, composed of TiB2 and TiB phases, was formed on the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy using a pack boriding technique in commercial Ekabor II powder at 1100°C for 2.5 h. The hardness of the bo[...]

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