Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2013 - zeszyt 4

Structure of single-crystalline turbine blades grown from CMSX-4 superalloy

nr katalogowy: 79723

High pressure turbine blades are operating in high-stress and hightemperature environment for long periods of time which puts a great demand on their strength. For that reason they are often made of single crystals. High withdraw rates, used for economical reason, can lead to formation of many different defects such as freckles or disorientated grains, different deviation from the crystallization direction or presence of other phases. All these features can be influenced by subsequent thermal treatment and in consequence are detrimental to the blade properties [1, 2]. Complex shape of the high angle boundaries are easy to determine during optical investigation and their effect on blade properties are well known, the other like low angle boundary are difficult to quantify precisely [3]. In the present work different X-ray diffraction method accompanied with SEM and TEM investigation was carried out to characterize the structure of as-grown singlecrystal CMSX-4 superalloy turbine blades obtained with withdraw rates of 1, 3 and 5 mm/min. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE The single-crystalline dendrite casts were obtained in an ALD Vacuum Technologies furnace by the Bridgman technique. The process of single crystal growth was carried out at rates of 1 mm/min, 3 mm/min and 5 mm/min. The samples for studies were cut parallel to the blade axis (broken line) and in area A (Fig. 1). The dendrite structure based on the γ/γ' phases was characterized by Laue method, X-ray topography, scanning electron microscopy (JSM 6480). The phase identification and structure analysis were carried out using X’Pert diffractometer and transmission electron microscope (JEM 3010). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The Laue X-ray diffraction pattern of the parallel se[...]

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