Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2013 - zeszyt 4

Electrochemical deposition of tin-zinc alloys from citrate solutions

nr katalogowy: 79716

Tin-zinc alloy layers are widely used in the metal finishing industry because they have a number of attractive properties. They have good corrosion resistance, good frictional properties, high wear resistance and excellent solderability [1÷3]. They are especially interesting as a replacement for toxic tin-lead solders, because both of these alloys have similar melting temperatures [4, 5]. A further advantage is the substantially lower cost of such alloys in comparison to the alternative alloys based on tin and silver. In this case, alloys containing about 8÷9 wt % of zinc are applied. However, due to their very good corrosion resistance Sn-Zn alloy layers are often used as protective coatings. In this case, the optimum zinc content in the alloy is about 20÷30 wt % [6÷8]. There is currently a great interest in this type of coating, in relation to the need to eliminate anticorrosive cadmium coatings and zinc coatings with the conversion layers based on hexavalent chromium, which were widely used but proved to be carcinogenic and highly toxic. Hence, the RoHS UE directive restricts its use. By comparison, the carcinogenicity of tin and its compounds was not observed in animal studies. Moreover, the Sn-Zn alloy coatings on steel combine the anticorrosion barrier properties of tin and zinc (barrier protection) with sacrificial properties of zinc (cathodic protection). Tin-zinc alloys can be obtained by electrodeposition, which is a relatively straightforward and low cost technique. Furthermore, it enables the uniform covering of substrates with defined shapes. However, a significant difference in the standard redox potentials of tin and zinc (620 mV [9]) means that it is essential to add an appropriate complexing agent which enable the electrodeposition of Sn-Zn alloy. Electroplated Sn-Zn alloys have been widely known for a relatively long time. In the early 20th century these alloys were proposed as a replacement material for cad[...]

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