Czasopismo | ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA | Rocznik 2013 - zeszyt 4

Cavitation intensity of tri-sodium phosphate solution in ultrasonic cleaning

Bogdan Niemczewski

nr katalogowy: 76206

Various alkaline chemicals reacting with impurities are used to compose cleaning mixtures for ultrasonic cleaning. Basing on literature analysis 11 such substances were listed in [1]. These are the same substances which are used to compose cleaning mixtures used for non-ultrasonic surface cleaning methods. Such methodology, however, what issues from [1, 2, and 3] is incorrect. In ultrasonic cleaning not only the substance's willingness to react with the impurities should be taken into consideration, but also how intensely the aqueous solution of the substance cavitates under the influence of ultrasounds. It is because cavitation is an agent which makes ultrasonic cleaning more effective than other methods of surface cleaning. In the above mentioned works it was shown that solutions of alkaline substances cavitate with different intensities, some of them very weakly. For example solutions of sodium polyphosphate (Na3PO 3)x, tetrasodium pyrophosphate Na4P2O7 and sodium hexametaphosphate (NaPO 3)6 cavitate so weakly that they should not be used as components of mixtures for ultrasonic cleaning. On the other hand solutions of di- and tri-sodium phosphates (Na2HPO 4 and Na3PO 4) can cavitate very intensely. Of these two salts only Na3PO 4 has the pH factor high enough to react intensely with impurities. Of other alkaline salts, as was shown in [1-3], only solutions of sodium metasilicate can cavitate with intensities comparable to these of trisodium phosphate solutions. Another important conclusion on cavitation intensities in solutions of some salts, trisodium phosphate included, published in [1-3], is that they can cavitate more intensely than water under the same conditions. This fact was ascertained in 3% solutions at 38 kHz. In order to normalize concentrations of various substances mentioned in the above mentioned works, in case of substances crystallizing with water, the crystallization water was not taken into calcu[...]

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