Czasopismo | OPAKOWANIE | Rocznik 2012 - zeszyt 9e

Bioplastics from renewable resources - next generation packaging materials

nr katalogowy: 71173

Introduction: Recent developments of knowledge in the domain of environmental sciences revealed that the environmental impact of different products, including those made of plastics, has to be considered from the point of view of a full life cycle and not just at the stage of waste generation. Due to this, the concept of sustainable development1, design, production and usage is currently in high demand. In addition to this, in business and production practices we can now observe introduction of higher standards than required by the current law. Many companies, especially international and global conglomerates, use the standardised Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to analyse the environmental impact of their product and hopefully lower it by means of technical and material solutions. In this way a company may declare that it is more concerned about the environment than the competitiveness and the results of assessment form new directions in product design that include such issues as: use of bioplastics, especially those from renewable resources, limiting ‘carbon footprint" values, etc. Bioplastics According to the European Bioplastics Association definition, bioplastics are all polymers that are biobased, biodegradable and compostable, or both. This is illustrated in the figure 1. This is depictedwith examples of possiblematerials on figure 2. Bioplastics are not a single kind of polymer but rather a family of materials that can vary considerably from one another. Summing up, there are three groups in the bioplastics family, each with its own characteristics: 1. Biobased or partly biobased non-biodegradable polymers such as PE, PET and soon PVC and PP (drop-in solutions); 2. Polymers that are biobased and biodegradable, including PLA, cellulose and PHA, 3. Polymers that are based on fossil resources and are biodegradable, such as PBAT or PBS. Bioplastics can be processed into a substantial number of produc[...]

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