Czasopismo | ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA | Rocznik 2012 - zeszyt 7

Compressed Sensing Applied to Image reconstruction in a noise SAR

nr katalogowy: 69630

SAR imaging is performed with a radar platform moving perpendicularly to the imaging direction. Thus, the wave reflected by objects in the field of view travel a distance that first diminishes, then starts to increase. This results in a phase modulation which is present in the received baseband signal as a complex chirp along the cross-range dimension. The chirps from reflecting objects are processed with a matched filter. In the filter output signal sharp peaks are observed at locations corresponding to object positions. The peaks are much narrower than the original chirp length - their width corresponds approximately to beamwidth of synthesized antenna, i.e. an antenna whose length is determined by the travel distance of the real antenna during the signal acquisition. When we consider also the distance measurement by calculating the echo delay, we can view the whole signal as a two-dimensional one. A SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) processor uses this signal, sampled in temporal and spatial dimensions to create an image of the observed scene. The temporal dimension corresponds to the delay measurement, and the spatial dimension relates to repeating the measurements from different positions along the radar movement track. As a typical radar scene contains a limited number of bright (strongly reflecting) points, it may be modelled as sparse in the space-delay domain. Compressed Sensing is a novel approach to sensing and sampling, which is based on the assumption of signal sparsity instead of traditional (Nyquist) low-pass assumption. With the sparse model of the signal, a proper sampling scheme may give enough information to reconstruct the signal from much lower number of samples than it is required by Nyquist theory [1]. In the SAR application of a noise radar [2], long integration time may be used due to good sounding signal properties. This in turn permits to use low transmitted power, which is one of advantages fo noise[...]

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2012-7

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