Czasopismo | ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA | Rocznik 2012 - zeszyt 7

SAR imaging for bistatic passive radars using space-based pulse radars as illuminators of opportunity

nr katalogowy: 69629

Over recent years a few bistatic radar experiments have been carried out using ground stationary receivers and spaceborne illuminators [1], [5], [6], [8], [10]. Most of them were conducted successfully and the results show new capabilities of SAR imaging [1], [5], [6], [8], [10]. Taking into account the advantage of the use of bistatic geometry [1], [2] and its low cost nature, passive SAR technology seems to be a good candidate as an additional sensor in the future in regards to Earth monitoring. Recently, the Warsaw University of Technology started research in passive SAR. The first step was designing the passive radar receiver and recording the real signal using the EnviSat-1 satellite as an illuminator [9]. The first raw radar data was successfully collected during trials carried out in 2011 [9]. The second and parallel step was to develop passive SAR algorithms and test them using simulated data generated by the Raw Radar Simulator [11]. The results of this stage of research are presented in this paper. Passive SAR bistatic geometry The simplified bistatic radar geometry for a stationary ground receiver has been presented in Fig. 1. The illuminator of opportunity is a SAR radar mounted to the spaceborne platform flying with the constant velocity v at the altitude H above the ground level. The distance between the radar transmitter (Tx) and passive receiver (Rx) equals RT (t). The range resolution in passive SAR strongly depends on the bistatic geometry presented in Fig. 1 and is given by the following formula [3], [4]: (1) where θTx is the incidence angle of the transmitted signal pointing to the target, θRx is the incidence angle of the received signal pointing to the target, B is the transmitted signal bandwidth and c ≈ 3·10 8 m/s is the speed of light. The cross-range resolution for a passive SAR image is given by the following equation [3], [4]: (2) where λ is the transmitted signal wavel[...]

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2012-7

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