Czasopismo | ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA | Rocznik 2010 - zeszyt 10

Ultrasonic white stick for detecting holes for blind people

nr katalogowy: 55008

Most blind people use white sticks as a main aid while walking outside. This simple object helps them to navigate, avoid obstacles and also to inform other people about their disability. It comes very handy, especially in cities. When blind people are moving, they are likely to encounter a number of obstacles that can be very dangerous for them. From the visual impaired people’s perspective we can divide obstacles into three main categories: - obstacles rising from the ground; - hanging obstacles; - holes in the ground. Luckily enough, blind people are able to detect and avoid all of these categories of obstacles, however each category of obstacles can be detected in a different way. By simply moving a while stick not far from the ground, a visual impaired person can sense various obstacles from the ground to approximately their waistline. As for hanging obstacles, they are harder to detect for a blind person who uses a white stick in a conventional way. In such a case electronic applications come handy. Researchers have experimented with ultrasonic sensors for detecting obstacles [1]. They have been able to detect a number of objects and compute the distance, but they had problems with detecting small obstacles or ones with soft surface. Some of these problems can be solved with replacing ultrasonic sensors with infrared sensors [2, 3]. On the market, there are also aids for blind people designed for an obstacle detection like for example “Ultracane" [4]. As for the last category, it is very difficult to detect any holes or excavations in pavements or roads in real-time. These defects are usually present only a little bit below the ground level. If we want to detect an obstacle in front of us, we just send a signal (infrared or ultrasound) and wait[...]

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2010-10

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