Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2010 - zeszyt 3

Thermodynamics of Cu-Sn-X (X=Bi, Nb, Sb, Zn) liquid alloys

Jolanta Romanowska

nr katalogowy: 52779

A fundamental goal in materials science is to be able to control the final physical or chemical properties of a material. In order to do that one must understand the relations between raw materials, their chemical composition, processing conditions, microstructure and properties of the final material. During processing, and often in use, most materials undergo reactions and phase transformations. This is particularly obvious in melt processing where materials are completely or partially melted and then solidified. Phase diagrams are the fundamental aid for understanding interrelations between chemical composition, processing conditions and microstructure. Since a phase diagram is a representation of the thermodynamic properties of a system it is possible to calculate it, unless the thermodynamic properties are known. By combining the knowledge on the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties a model description of the system suitable for phase diagram calculations can be created. Descriptions of low order systems can be combined to make extrapolations to higher order systems. For this purpose the Gibbs energy of each phase is described by a suitable model containing a relatively small number of variable coefficients. The thermodynamic properties of a binary system can be calculated using the Gibbs free energy expression comprising contributions of both elements in each phase existing in the system. Further parameters are introduced to describe the mutual interaction between elements in each phase. Difficulty in extension of the calculated results to higher order systems is much less than in the case of experimental work, since the essence of the calculation does not change so much between a binary system and a higher order one [1]. Sometimes, due to the lack of experimental data for ternary systems, parameters for ternary systems are calculated on the basis of values for binary ones and different simplifications and models[...]

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