Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2010 - zeszyt 3

FEM simulation of superplastic forming of a spherical cap made of Ti-6Al-4V

nr katalogowy: 52778

The phenomenon known as superplasticity has been observed for a wide range of materials including metallic alloys such as: titanium, and aluminium alloys, ceramics, composites and minerals [6÷8, 11, 12]. Superplastic forming (SPF) is a technological process that enables large deformation with no loss of material continuity. Slip along grain boundaries is considered to be the main mechanism of superplastic forming. Depending on the kind of material and process parameters it is possible to obtain elongation of up to several hundred percent. Superplastic forming is used for the materials with poor formability in conventional conditions or if their degree of deformation is insufficient. Superplastic forming is particularly well suited for forming of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is one of the most commonly materials associated with superplastic forming. It is used for light and highly strong structural elements in aircraft industry. Superplastic forming processes in aircraft industry applications require fine-grained equiaxed microstructure of Ti‑6Al‑4V alloy. In practice, superplasticity conditions are summarised as a grain size less than 10 μm, low strain rate of less than 10-3 s-1 and forming temperatures of T ≥ 0.5 Tm, where Tm is the melting point of the material [13]. Materials for superplastic forming process need to be specially prepared by hot metal forming and heat treatment [5, 6]. A design of superplastic forming is much more difficult than conventional forming processes because of the larger amount of parameters that have to be taken into consideration and controlled in narrow range of tolerance. Strain rate is the key parameter and it requires special attention. This parameter decides whether the necking and rupture occur in the drawn-part. Titanium alloys exhibit high dependence of yield stress on temperature and strain rate [8÷10]. The current design methods of superplasti[...]

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