Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2010 - zeszyt 3

The evolution of the gradient microstructure of the hard magnetic alloy FeCr30Co8 subjected to plastic deformation by tension combined with torsion

nr katalogowy: 52668

The FeCr30Co8 alloy belongs to the hard magnetic materials of the Fe-Cr-Co system [1]. Due to its good ductility, the excellent magnetic properties and the low cost, it is used to produce permanent magnets of various sizes and shapes, as wires, tubes, bars, and strips [2, 3]. The high coercive state of the Fe-Cr-Co alloys can be obtained in the process of a magnetic treatment and multi-stage tempering, which resulted in a spinodal decomposition of an α solid solution into isomorphous, ordered and coherent phases: magnetic α1 and paramagnetic α2 [4]. The formation of such a structure, where each precipitate of the α1 phase (with sizes of about 50÷100 nm) appears as a single domain, provides high magnetic properties. On the other hand, the microstructure (α1 + α2) causes a reduction of the material’s plasticity and strength to the level of 200÷400 MPa. This is a serious technological problem, since the commonly used industrial magnets require strength greater than ~900 MPa. The brittleness and the low strength of hard magnetic alloys in a high-coercive (α1 + α2) state limit the possible range of their applications. It is known that the magnetic and mechanical properties are dependent on the microstructure: they are changing significantly with the decreasing of the grain size, to nano- or submicron scale, and with the alteration of the phase morphology or the phase transformation. All these modifications of the microstructure can be achieved by means of an intensive plastic deformation, which is considered as one of the methods improving the material properties [5, 6]. In order to achieve the refinement of microstructure with a gradient character, the FeCr30Co8 alloy was deformed by tension combined with torsion at 700, 750, 800 and 850°C. It is known that the gradient microstructure results in gradual changes of material properties. This can be beneficial in the case of magnets, which[...]

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