Czasopismo | INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA | Rocznik 2010 - zeszyt 3

Laser welding of DP steel - characterization of microstructure of steel and welded joint

nr katalogowy: 52658

Increasing demands on weight reduction, safety and cost have led to a rapid development in car body engineering. A number of new materials are being investigated, especially steels of greater strength. Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) are being intensively explored by the automotive industry [1]. The combination of excellent structural properties and good formability makes AHSS such as DP (Dual Phase) steel attractive candidates for light-weight vehicles. Dual Phase steels, so called because they consist essentially of a dispersion of martensite in a ferrite matrix, are produced by intercritically annealing and cooling with rate appropriate to achieve the desired structure [2]. Apart from the chemical composition, the microstructure and mechanical properties from the practical point of view the most important property is weldability of automotive steels [3]. Traditionally, resistance welding and fusion welding have been used in the automotive industry. However, the most prospective welding process in this branch of industry is laser welding. The main advantages of laser welding are small distortions of the sheets caused by a small width of HAZ, high welding speed and flexibility of this process [3]. Kang et al. [4] have shown results of laser welding of DP 600 steel 1.4 mm in thickness. They have performed hardness measurements, microstructure examination, mechanical properties and formability tests. The results have shown that the maximum hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ) exceeds 350 HV. The maximum hardness was mainly the result of bainite, ferrite and small amounts of martensite phase. In another studies [5], High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) and DP980 (980 MPa) sheet steels, 1.2 mm in thickness, were welded with a 4 kW diode laser. For the DP steel weld formability was much lower than that of corresponding base metal, due to the formation of soft zones in the outer region of the HAZ of the welds. Results of DP 600 [...]

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