Czasopismo | PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY | Rocznik 2024 - zeszyt 11

Electromyographic analysis of upper limb muscles for automatic wheelchair propulsion control

Analiza elektromiograficzna mięśni kończyn górnych do automatycznej kontroli napędu wózka inwalidzkiego

10.15199/48.2024.11.02

nr katalogowy: 151326
10.15199/48.2024.11.02

Streszczenie

Equipping hand-propelled wheelchairs with supplementary power assistance systems combining the advantages of manual and electric wheelchairs. The study aims to develop innovative automatic steering strategies for assistive drive systems. Our approach involves regulating the intensity of power assistance using one upper arm's electromyography (EMG) signals, significantly simplifying the control system. However, the inherent asymmetry between the actions of the right and left upper limbs (handedness) poses a challenge. To address this, we set out to identify the upper limb muscle group exhibiting the least propelling asymmetry between the left and right sides, thereby determining the most suitable candidate for controlling the assistive drive of a wheelchair. The study used a standard manual-powered wheelchair and a single non-disabled research participant. Muscle activity in each upper limb during wheelchair propulsion was measured using EMG equipment. Eight muscle examinations were performed on each upper limb: biceps brachii (A), triceps brachii (B), medial epicondyle (C), extensor carpi radialis longus (D), anterior epicondyle (E), posterior epicondyle (F), trapezius, middle region (G), and subscapularis (H). The mean maximal muscle EMG signal was analyzed based on six cycles of wheelchair propulsion. The asymmetry of EMG values for the left and right limbs can vary from 15% to 53%, depending on the muscle studied. Our findings reveal that the D muscle displays the least muscular asymmetry during wheelchair propulsion, suggesting that the tension signals of this muscle can effectively regulate the intensity of assisted wheelchair propulsion.

Abstract

Wyposażenie wózków inwalidzkich z napędem ręcznym w dodatkowe napędy wspomagające łączy zalety wózków ręcznych i elektrycznych. Wymaga to jednak opracowania nowatorskich strategii automatycznego sterowania dla takich systemów napędu wspomagającego. Nasze podejście polega na regulowaniu intensywności wspomagania za pomocą sygnałów elektromiograficznych (EMG) jednego kończyny górnej, co znacznie upraszcza system sterowania. Wyzwaniem jest jednak asymetria pomiędzy działaniami prawej i lewej kończyny. Aby rozwiązać ten problem, postanowiliśmy zidentyfikować grupę mięśni kończyny górnej wykazującą najmniejszą asymetrię napędową pomiędzy lewą i prawą stroną, określając w ten sposób najbardziej odpowiedniego kandydata do kontrolowania napędu wspomagającego wózka inwalidzkiego. Badanie obejmowało standardowy wózek inwalidzki z napędem ręcznym i jednego pełnosprawnego uczestnika. Aktywność mięśni każdej kończyny górnej podczas poruszania się wózkiem inwalidzkim mierzono za pomocą aparatury EMG. Na każdej kończynie górnej wykonano pomiary dla ośmiu mięśni: dwugłowego ramienia (A), trójgłowego ramienia (B), nadkłykcia przyśrodkowego (C), prostownika promieniowego długiego nadgarstka (D), nadkłykcia przedniego (E), nadkłykcia tylnego (F), mięśnia czworobocznego (region środkowy) (G) i podłopatkowego (H). Analizowano średni maksymalny sygnał EMG każdego mięśnia na podstawie sześciu cykli napędu wózka inwalidzkiego. Badania wykazały, że asymetria wartości sygnału EMG dla kończyny lewej i prawej może wahać się od 15% do 53%, w zależności od badanego mięśnia. Grupy mięśni charakteryzujące się małą wartością różnicy EMG najlepiej nadają się do sterowania napędem w oparciu o sygnał EMG z pojedynczej kończyny. Mięsień D wykazywał najmniejszą asymetrię mięśniową. Wyniki te sugerują, że sygnały tego mięśnia mogą skutecznie regulować intensywność wspomaganego napędu wózka inwalidzkiego.

Słowa kluczowe

Keywords

Bibliografia

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